Optimasi Pengiriman dan Rekonstruksi Data Visual pada Sistem Irigasi Otomatis Berbasis IoT menggunakan MQTT dan FFmpeg
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31598/jurnalresistor.v8i3.1955Keywords:
IoT, Smart Irrigation, MQTT, FFmpeg, Latency, BandwidthAbstract
Integrasi Internet of Things (IoT) pada irigasi pintar memungkinkan pemantauan visual secara real-time untuk pengambilan keputusan yang lebih akurat. Namun, pengiriman citra pada jaringan terbatas menimbulkan tantangan terkait latensi dan efisiensi bandwidth. Makalah ini berfokus pada optimasi transmisi data visual menggunakan MQTT untuk komunikasi ringan dan FFmpeg untuk pemrosesan multimedia. Penelitian tidak menitikberatkan pada pengujian multi-perangkat, melainkan pada efisiensi dan keandalan pengiriman citra tunggal melalui optimasi protokol. Prototipe dengan kamera ESP32-S3-EYE menangkap citra setelah pemicu irigasi dan mempublikasikannya ke broker Mosquitto; sisi penerima (Python) menyimpan citra dan merekonstruksinya menjadi video dengan FFmpeg. Dengan payload JPEG kecil (5–11 KB) dan MQTT QoS 1, hasil menunjukkan kinerja mendekati real-time dengan latensi satu arah rata-rata ≈30 ms dan bandwidth efektif 0,102–0,145 Mbps per citra, seraya mempertahankan kualitas visual yang memadai untuk monitoring. Optimasi QoS 1 terbukti meningkatkan keberhasilan pengiriman hingga 100% dibanding QoS 0 yang hanya mencapai ≈50%. Kombinasi MQTT + FFmpeg terbukti andal dan hemat sumber daya untuk data visual pada sistem irigasi IoT.
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